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\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0641\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u063a\u0646\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0636\u062f \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0645 \u0636\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u0649 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0647\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0635\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [1]<\/a> \u2013 Tor Bukkvolla and \u00c5se G. \u00d8stensen, Russian Use of Private Military and Security Companies, the implications for European and Norwegian Security, Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (FFI), 11. September 2018, P:14.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [2]<\/a> \u2013 Tor Bukkvolla and \u00c5se G. \u00d8stensen, The Emergence of Russian Private Military Companies: A New<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tool of Clandestine Warfare, SPECIAL OPERATIONS JOURNAL, 2020, VOL. 6, NO. 1, p:2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [3]<\/a> \u2013 Christopher Spearin, NATO, Russia and Private Military and Security Companies, The RUSI Journal, 2018, P:69.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [4]<\/a> \u2013 Tor Bukkvolla and \u00c5se G. \u00d8stensen, Russian Use of Private Military and Security Companies, P:3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [5]<\/a> \u2013 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0632\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c 5 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2010\u060c \u0635(15\u060c 16).<\/p>\n\n\n\n [6]<\/a> \u2013 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0632\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c 5 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2010\u060c \u06357.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [7]<\/a> \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u06356.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [8]<\/a> \u2013 Tor Bukkvoll & \u00c5se G. \u00d8stensen, The Emergence of Russian Private Military Companies, p:4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [9]<\/a> \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [10]<\/a> \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0642 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tor Bukkvolla and \u00c5se G. \u00d8stensen, Russian Use of Private Military and Security Companies(15-20).<\/p>\n\n\n\n [11]<\/a> \u2013 Tor Bukkvoll & \u00c5se G. \u00d8stensen, The Emergence of Russian Private Military Companies,p:4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [12]<\/a> \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u06354.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [13]<\/a> \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u06355.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [14]<\/a>\u2013 Tor Bukkvolla and \u00c5se G. \u00d8stensen, Russian Use of Private Military and Security Companies, p:22.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [15]<\/a> \u2013 Kimberly Marten, Russia\u2019s use of semi-state security forces: the case of the Wagner Group, Post-Soviet Affairs, 2019, p:10<\/p>\n\n\n\n [16]<\/a> \u2013The first and last battle of the \u201cSlavic Corps<\/a>\u201c, novayagazeta, 6 October 2017.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [17]<\/a> \u2013 Putin Chef\u2019s Kisses of Death: Russia\u2019s Shadow Army\u2019s State-Run Structure Exposed<\/a>, bellingcat, 14August 2020<\/p>\n\n\n\n [18]<\/a> \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0648 Tor Bukkvoll & \u00c5se G. \u00d8stensen, 25.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [19]<\/a> -Nathaniel Reynolds, Putin\u2019s Not-So-Secret Mercenaries: Patronage, Geopolitics, and the Wagner Group, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, July 2019, p:2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [20]<\/a> \u2013 Putin Chef\u2019s Kisses of Death: Russia\u2019s Shadow Army\u2019s State-Run Structure Exposed<\/a>, bellingcat, 14August 2020.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [21]<\/a> \u2013 Kimberly Marten, 12.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [22]<\/a> -Nathaniel Reynolds, 4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [23]<\/a> \u2013 Putin Chef\u2019s Kisses of Death: Russia\u2019s Shadow Army\u2019s State-Run Structure Exposed<\/a>, bellingcat, 14August 2020<\/p>\n\n\n\n [24]<\/a> \u2013 Kimberly Marten, 14.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [25]<\/a> \u2013 Putin Chef\u2019s Kisses of Death: Russia\u2019s Shadow Army\u2019s State-Run Structure Exposed<\/a>, bellingcat, 14August 2020<\/p>\n\n\n\n [26]<\/a> \u2013 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0631.. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0632\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u063a\u0646\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627<\/a>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u060c 24 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2020.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [27]<\/a> \u2013 Julian Borger, Marc Bennetts, (Scores of Russian mercenaries reported killed by US airstrikes in Syria), The Guardian, 13 February 2018.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [28]<\/a> -\u201cHow a 4-Hour Battle between Russian Mercenaries and U.S. Commandos Unfolded in Syria<\/a>.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n New York Times, 24May 2018.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [29]<\/a> \u2013 Nathaniel Reynolds, 6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [30]<\/a> \u2013Wagner\u2019s guard. The former commander spoke about the new look of the PMC<\/a>, svoboda, 16 March 2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [31]<\/a> \u2013 Nathaniel Reynolds, 6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [32]<\/a> \u2013 Denis Korotkov, \u201cSpisok Vagnera<\/a> [The Wagner List],\u201d Fontanka, 21 August 2017.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [33]<\/a> \u2013 Nathaniel Reynolds, 7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [34]<\/a> \u2013 Tor Bukkvolla and \u00c5se G. \u00d8stensen, Russian Use of Private Military and Security Companies,25.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [35]<\/a> \u2013 Nathaniel Reynolds, 11.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [36]<\/a> \u2013 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0635. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0646\u064f\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u063a\u0646\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643 \u062a\u064f\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0645<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [37]<\/a> \u2013Amy Mackinnon<\/a>, Russia\u2019s Shadowy Mercenaries Offer Humanitarian Aid to Clean Image<\/a>, foreign policy, 22 July 2020<\/p>\n\n\n\n [38]<\/a> \u2013 Tor Bukkvolla and \u00c5se G. \u00d8stensen, Russian Use of Private Military and Security Companies,26.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [39]<\/a> \u2013 Russia Steps Up Support for Private Military Contractor in Libya: U.N. Report<\/a>, New York Times, 2 September 2020.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [40]<\/a> \u2013 Amy Mackinnon<\/a>, Russia\u2019s Shadowy Mercenaries Offer Humanitarian Aid to Clean Image<\/a>, foreign policy, 22 July 2020.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [41]<\/a> \u2013 Daniel Sixto<\/a>, Russian Mercenaries: A String of Failures in Africa, geopolitical monitor<\/a>, 24 August, 2020.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [42]<\/a> \u2013Anna Borshchevskaya<\/a>, The Role of Russian Private Military Contractors in Africa<\/a>, The Foreign Policy Research Institute, 21August, 2020.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [43]<\/a> \u2013Daniel Sixto<\/a>, Russian Mercenaries: A String of Failures in Africa, geopolitical monitor<\/a>, 24 August, 2020.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [44]<\/a>\u2013 \u0633\u064a\u062b \u062c\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0632\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a2020\u060c \u063523.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [45]<\/a> \u2013 Kimberly Marten, P:4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [46]<\/a> -British intelligence goes gunning for GRU, INTELLIGENCE ONLINE , N815, 10 October 2018, Page 1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [47]<\/a> \u2013 Kimberly Marten,2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [48]<\/a> \u2013 Tor Bukkvolla and \u00c5se G. \u00d8stensen, Russian Use of Private Military and Security Companies,p:7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [49]<\/a> \u2013 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646: \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0632\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627<\/a>\u060c \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c 11 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2020.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627: \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627: \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0641<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 (\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0642)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0627: \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u063a\u0646\u0631<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
![\"\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629](\"https:\/\/eipss-eg.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9-%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%86%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A3%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A3%D8%AB%D9%8A%D8%B1-1.png\")
<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0627: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u063a\u0646\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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![\"\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629](\"https:\/\/eipss-eg.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9-%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%86%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A3%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A3%D8%AB%D9%8A%D8%B1-2.jpg\")
<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627: \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u063a\u0646\u0631<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
-\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
-\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
![\"\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629](\"https:\/\/eipss-eg.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9-%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%86%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A3%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A3%D8%AB%D9%8A%D8%B1-3.jpg\")
<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n-\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
-\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634<\/h5>\n\n\n\n