{"id":59250,"date":"2021-11-11T13:01:12","date_gmt":"2021-11-11T10:01:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/albaboor.com\/ar\/?p=59250"},"modified":"2021-11-11T13:01:17","modified_gmt":"2021-11-11T10:01:17","slug":"%d8%ac%d8%b0%d9%88%d8%b1-%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%b3%d9%84%d9%88-%d9%83%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%86%d8%ac%d8%b1%d8%8c-%d9%85%d9%86%d8%b8%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81%d9%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/albaboor.com\/ar\/archives\/59250","title":{"rendered":"\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648: \u0643\u064a\u0633\u0646\u062c\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center 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href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 27 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1973 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 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href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-bottom-16-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><sup>16<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u202a\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0637\u0645\u0623\u064e\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646 &#8220;\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645.&#8221; \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 &#8220;\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0628 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rel=\"noopener\"><sup>17<\/sup><\/a>\u202c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u202a\u0623\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0628\u064a\u0643\u0631 \u0643\u064a\u0633\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 &#8220;\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0633\u064b\u0627\u060c&#8221; \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0645 &#8220;\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064f\u0637\u0641&#8221; \u0643\u0645\u0627 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064e\u0630\u0642.&#8221; \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 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\u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u063a\u0641\u0631\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064d \u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0641\u064a.<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-bottom-19-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><sup>19<\/sup><\/a>\u202c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a 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\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u064d \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u063a\u0632\u0629.&#8221;<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-bottom-20-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><sup>20<\/sup><\/a>\u202c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064a 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href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-bottom-21-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><sup>21<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u202a\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0631\u0648\u0649 \u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 &#8220;\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u064b\u0627 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\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0648\u0641\u0627) \u0646\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629\u064d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642. \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0631\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0646.&#8221;<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-bottom-23-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><sup>23<\/sup><\/a>\u202c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u202a\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0641\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0639\u0637\u0641.&#8221;<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-bottom-24-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><sup>24<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u202a\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0623\u0643\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 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rel=\"noopener\"><sup>25<\/sup><\/a>\u202c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u202a\u0648\u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0633\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u062f\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f \u0628\u0627\u062c\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062d 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href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-bottom-27-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><sup>27<\/sup><\/a>\u202c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u202a\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 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href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-bottom-28-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><sup>28<\/sup><\/a>\u202c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u202a\u0648\u064f\u0644\u0650\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u062d\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1973\u060c \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644 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\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629.<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-bottom-31-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><sup>31<\/sup><\/a>\u202c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062d\u0638\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 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href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-bottom-33-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><sup>33<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u202a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636\u060c \u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0631\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f 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rel=\"noopener\"><sup>35<\/sup><\/a>\u202c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u202a\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062e\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0639\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0639\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0641\u0629 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href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-bottom-37-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><sup>37<\/sup><\/a>\u202c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u202a\u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0642 \u0643\u064a\u0633\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064d \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a 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\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/ar\/policy-brief\/politics\/%D8%AE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%B7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642<\/a>\u060c \u0625\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644.&#8221; \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0643\u064a\u0633\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0646\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0643\u0641\u0644\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 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\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 &#8211; \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621. \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0646\u0636\u0637\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0644.&#8221;<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-bottom-39-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><sup>39<\/sup><\/a>\u202c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u202a\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u064a\u062f 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target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><sup>43<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0647 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064d \u0631\u0641\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u064a 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rel=\"noopener\"><sup>44<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;\u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0628\u062f\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 &#8211; \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629\u064c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 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\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064d \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u061f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0627\u062f \u064a\u064f\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u060c \u062a\u064f\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u062c\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629\u064e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\u064d \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\u064d \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0650 \u0645\u062b\u0642\u064e\u0644\u0629\u064d \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0648\u0632. \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u00a0<em>&#8220;<\/em>\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a:\u00a0<em>\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a&#8221;\u00a0<\/em>(\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0662\u0660\u0661\u0666).<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629: \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0630\u064f\u0643\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064f\u0644\u0645\u0650\u062d \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0633\u0646\u062c\u0631. \u0631\u064f\u0641\u0650\u0639\u062a \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0625\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 (<a href=\"http:\/\/aad.archives.gov\/aad\/series-list.jsp?cat=TS16\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/a>). \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u064a\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u064f\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u062f\u0642\u0647\u0627.<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-1-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>William Quandt,\u00a0<em>Peace Process: American Diplomacy and the Arab-Israeli Conflict Since 1967<\/em>\u00a0(University of California Press and Brookings Institution, 2005): 130-141<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-2-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/Khalil_PolicyBrief_BuffumToKissinger7Dec73.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Buffum to Kissinger, \u201cFedayeen RE Palestinian State,\u201d 7 December 1973<\/a>.<br>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d &#8216;\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646&#8217; \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0639\u062a \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d \u0636\u062f \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644.<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-3-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/Khalil_PolicyBrief_BuffumtoKissinger3Dec73.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Buffum to Kissinger, \u201cIncrease in Public Caution Exercised by Fedayeen Leadership,\u201d 3 December 1973<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-4-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1974 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646.<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-5-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>Quandt, 140-141\u061b \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 13 \u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1974 \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0644\u0641 (\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629) \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 26 \u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1974 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631) \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c 1974 (\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c 1976): 69\u060c 93-95.<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-6-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>Paul Thomas Chamberlin,\u00a0<em>The Global Offensive: The United States, the Palestine Liberation Organization, and the Making of the Post-Cold War Order<\/em>\u00a0(Oxford University Press, 2012): 235-237<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-7-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/Khalil_PolicyBrief_HoughtonToKissinger19Feb74.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Houghton to Kissinger, \u201cFedayeen Moderation,\u201d 19 February 1974; Chamberlin, 238-239<\/a>.<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-8-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0633\u0646\u062c\u0631.<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-9-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642.<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-10-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>Yezid Sayigh,\u00a0<em>Armed Struggle and the Search for State: The Palestinian National Movement, 1949-1993<\/em>\u00a0(Oxford University Press, 1997): 342-343; Chamberlin, 238. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c 8 \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\/\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 1974&#8221; \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c 1964-1974 (\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 1975): 247-248\u061b &#8220;\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c&#8221; 8 \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\/\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 1974 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u060c 1974 (\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 1977): 451<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-11-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>Sayigh, 342-345; Chamberlin, 238-239; Helena Cobban,\u00a0<em>The Palestinian Liberation Organization: People, Power and Politics<\/em>\u00a0(Cambridge University Press, 1984): 62, 149.<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-12-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>Chamberlin, 239-240<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-13-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>Godley to Kissinger, \u201cUS Contacts with Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), 3 January 1975<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-14-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>Godley to Kissinger, \u201cCODEL Baker,\u201d 23 May 1975<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-15-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/Khalil_PolicyBrief_BakerMtgArafat25May75.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Baker to Kissinger, \u201cSenator Baker\u2019s Meeting with Yasser Arafat in Beirut,\u201d 25 May 1975<\/a>.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-16-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642.<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-17-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642. \u0642\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631\u202c<br>\u202a\u201cArafat to Baker: Palestinians Want Home,\u201d 8 June 1975\u00a0<em>The Pittsburgh Press<\/em>.<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-18-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>Seth Tillman,\u00a0<em>The United States and the Middle East: Interests and Obstacles<\/em>\u00a0(Indiana University Press, 1982): 212; \u201cMcGovern Backing Palestinian State,\u201d\u00a0<em>New York Times<\/em>\u00a05 April 1975. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u064a\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648 1975.<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-19-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>Bennett to Kissinger, \u201cArafat Gives Guyer Plan for Middle East Settlement,\u201d 9 March 1976;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/Khalil_PolicyBrief_GuyerConvArafat3Mar76.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bennett to Kissinger, \u201cUN Under Secretary General Guyer Conversation with PLO Leader Arafat,\u201d 3 March 1976<\/a>.<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-20-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/Khalil_PolicyBrief_MurphyToKissinger24Feb1976.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Murphy to Kissinger, \u201cMiddle East Negotiations: Arafat Proposal,\u201d 24 February 1976<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-21-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>Dan Oberdorfer, \u201cMideast Proposal Offered,\u201d\u00a0<em>Washington Post<\/em>\u00a029 February 1976<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-22-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>Lambrakis to Kissinger, \u201cPalestinian Denial of Statements Attributed to Arafat,\u201d 1 March 1976.<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-23-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>PLO Trial Balloon,\u00a0<em>Washington Post<\/em>, 2 March 1976<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-24-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>Strausz Hup\u00e9 to Kissinger, \u201cInterview with PLO \u2018Foreign Minister\u2019,\u201d 5 March 1976<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-25-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>See Foreign Relations of the United States (FRUS), 1969-1976, Vol. XXVI: Arab-Israeli_ Dispute 1974-1976:_ 946-1033.<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-26-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>\u201cMemorandum of Conversation,\u201d 18 June 1976,\u00a0<em>FRUS, 1969-1976, Vol. XXVI: Arab-Israeli Dispute 1974-1976<\/em>: 1034-1036.<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-27-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>Tim Weiner,\u00a0<em>Legacy of Ashes: The History of the CIA<\/em>\u00a0(Doubleday, 2007): 388-389; David Ignatius, \u201cMideast Intrigue: PLO Operative Slain Reputedly by Israelis, had Been Helping U.S.\u201d Wall Street Journal 10 February 1983 and \u201cThe Secret History of US-PLO Terror Talks,\u201d\u00a0<em>Washington Post<\/em>\u00a04 December 1988.\u202c<br>\u202a\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u063a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1979. \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649. \u0642\u064f\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u062c\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\/\u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 1983<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-28-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>Henry Kissinger,\u00a0<em>Years of Upheaval<\/em>\u00a0(Little and Brown, 1982): 624-629. \u202c<br>\u202a\u0641\u064a \u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0632\u0639\u064e\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0633\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646.<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-29-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>Ignatius, The Secret History<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-30-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>Godley to Kissinger, \u201cWhereabouts of Abu Iyad,\u201d 12 November 1974.<br>\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0625\u064a\u0627\u062f\u060c 144-154.<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-31-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>\u0646\u0648\u0642\u0634 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u064a\u0633\u0646\u062c\u0631. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631<br><em>Years of Renewal<\/em>\u00a0(Simon and Schuster, 1999): 1042<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-32-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>Ignatius, The Secret History<br>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062c (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0632\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629.<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-33-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>Question and Answer Session with the President, 20 June, 1976, Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-34-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>James M. Markham, \u201cPeace Force in Beirut,\u201d\u00a0<em>New York Times<\/em>\u00a022 June 1976<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-35-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>Seeyle to Kissinger, \u201cPossible Silver Lining in Connection with Current Lebanese Situation,\u201d 14 July 1976; Pickering to Kissinger, \u201cProposal for US Support of PLO-led Palestinian State,\u201d 24 July 1976; Newlin to Kissinger, \u201cSuggestion US Advocate Palestinian State on West Bank,\u201d 4 August 1976<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-36-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>See Sayigh, 395-401\u202c\u202a<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-37-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li><em>FRUS<\/em>, \u201cMemorandum of Conversation,\u201d 22 June, 1976: 1036-1037<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-38-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>Ibid, 1037-1048<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-39-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li><em>FRUS<\/em>, \u201cMemorandum of Conversation,\u201d 7 August, 1976: 1059-1060<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-40-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li><em>FRUS<\/em>, Bush to Kissinger, 7 September, 1976: 1066<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-41-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>Quandt, 178-240<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-42-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/Khalil_PolicyBrief_KeatingToKissinger13Jan75.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Keating to Kissinger, \u201cIsrael Assess its Image Abroad,\u201d 13 January 1975<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-43-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>Murphy to Kissinger, \u201cPalestine National Council Plans Meeting Within Next Two-Four Months,\u201d 2 December 1976<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-44-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>\u201cArafat and the Journey of the Palestinian Revolution: An interview with Shafiq al-Hout,\u201d\u00a0<em>Journal of Palestine Studies<\/em>\u00a0Vol. 39 (1) Autumn 2009: 50<a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-45-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><li>Murphy to Kissinger, \u201cPLO Preparatory Committee to Meet December 30 to Discuss Enlarged PNC,\u201d 27 December 1976; Newlin to Kissinger, \u201cWest Bank Participation at Palestinian National Council,\u201d 30 December 1976 <a href=\"https:\/\/al-shabaka.org\/briefs\/%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84\/#easy-footnote-46-648\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/li><\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0636\u0639\u064f\u0641\u062a \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0634\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u2013 \u0648\u0642\u064e\u0651\u0639\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":59251,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,100,3,11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-59250","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-19","category-100","category-3","category-11"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/albaboor.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59250","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/albaboor.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/albaboor.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/albaboor.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/albaboor.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=59250"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/albaboor.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59250\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":59252,"href":"https:\/\/albaboor.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59250\/revisions\/59252"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/albaboor.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/59251"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/albaboor.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=59250"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/albaboor.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=59250"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/albaboor.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=59250"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}