{"id":61984,"date":"2022-04-28T09:02:27","date_gmt":"2022-04-28T06:02:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/albaboor.com\/ar\/?p=61984"},"modified":"2022-04-28T09:02:31","modified_gmt":"2022-04-28T06:02:31","slug":"%d8%a3%d8%b2%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%a8%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%a8-%d9%87%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%b4%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d8%b6%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ba%d8%b0%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/albaboor.com\/ar\/archives\/61984","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628 .. \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0634\u0644 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\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062c\u0632 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 100 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u0629<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 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\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 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\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 50% \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2007 \u06482008\u060c \u0648\u0631\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0628 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u062d \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 130% \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a)\u061b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(1)<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (1)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0634\u0643\u0644 (1): \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 1922-1961<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(2)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/sites\/default\/files\/inline-images\/%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%841_0.PNG\" alt=\"1\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0648\u062c\u0632 \u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(3)<\/a>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627<\/strong>: \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c 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\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(5)<\/a>\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u0635\u063a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629\u064b \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0643\u062b\u0641 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u060c \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u064a\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621\u061b \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 20% \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0647\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 12% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(6)<\/a>. \u0648\u0628\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u060c \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 34% \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u062d \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u064826% \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u064a\u0631\u060c \u064817% \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0629\u060c \u064825% \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 70% \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (2) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 15% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u064817% \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u0644\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 16% \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 60% \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(7)<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0634\u0643\u0644 (2): \u062d\u0635\u0635 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(8)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/sites\/default\/files\/inline-images\/%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%842_1.PNG\" alt=\"2\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0643\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0632 \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(9)<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0623\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 12.6% \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631\/\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644\/\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u0645\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a10\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(10)<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631\/\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0641\u0632\u0627\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 3 \u0625\u0644\u0649 16 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644\/\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0629\u064b 17% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a11\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(11)<\/a>. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (3) \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2008 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0634\u0643\u0644 (3): \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 2008 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a12\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(12)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/sites\/default\/files\/inline-images\/%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%843.PNG\" alt=\"3\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062c\u064f\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644: \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621\u064b \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u062b\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0637\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u064f\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062d\u062f\u064e\u0651 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a13\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(13)<\/a>!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062d\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062c\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0642\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0627 -\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631- \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 5% \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0632 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 1% \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0630\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0646 20 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 1000 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0630\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0639 15 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a14\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(14)<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0645\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 1990-2010 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a 0.2% \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a 0.8% \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a 1.4%<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a15\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(15)<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 2.5 \u06483% \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u061b \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a(16)\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 25 \u064850% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 11 \u064834% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 5% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a17\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(17)<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 35% \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u062d \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 40 \u064850% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 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href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a18\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(18)<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u062e\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0630\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 2009<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a19\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(19)<\/a>\u060c \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0627: \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a (4) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631&#8221; \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0646 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\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 (\u0641\u0647\u0649&nbsp; \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a)\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0623 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a: \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a (\u0641\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0634\u0643\u0644 (4): \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 2005-2008<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(20)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/sites\/default\/files\/inline-images\/%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%844_0.PNG\" alt=\"4\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 90% \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 (\u0643\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u064b\u0627)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 (\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 3.8 \u0625\u0644\u0649 4.6% \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 1990-2005<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(21)<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 2008-2010\u061b \u0645\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0635\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 91.1% \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2000\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062b\u0644\u062b \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a22\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(22)<\/a>. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0648\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 50% \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a23\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(23)<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0644\u062d \u0643\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0628\u0650\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0639\u0646 &#8220;\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0646\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2015 \u06482020 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 373.9 \u0648306.1 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u0648 402.2 \u0648416.8 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 393.1 \u0625\u0644\u0649 285.4 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u064b\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0630\u0628\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a24\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(24)<\/a>\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0646\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0646 3388 \u0625\u0644\u0649 3277 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a25\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(25)<\/a>\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 178.4 \u0625\u0644\u0649 303.1 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2016-2020<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a26\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(26)<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 2000-2017 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 16 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 6 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2017 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 23 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 10 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0628\u0644\u0648\u063a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 2018-2030 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 25 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 14 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a27\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(27)<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0641\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0646 69 \u0625\u0644\u0649 45.6% \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 2000-2018\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 56.4 \u0625\u0644\u0649 37.6%\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1): \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 2000-2018<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a28\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(28)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/sites\/default\/files\/inline-images\/%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%845_0.PNG\" alt=\"\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 1\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 62 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a 113 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2021\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 60.8 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 49 \u064868 \u064871 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 44\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(29)<\/a>\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 56 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a 116 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2021\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 12.5 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644 \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u064d\u0651 \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 16.3 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2000<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a30\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(30)<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0642 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 2014-2020\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 27 \u064833% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 7% \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u064f\u0645\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u064f\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 2000-2020 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0632\u0645<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a31\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(31)<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0634\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 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\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u061b \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a32\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(32)<\/a>\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u0637\u0650\u0651\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 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\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a33\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(33)<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0646\u0645\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u064a \u0645\u064f\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u062c\u0632\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 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\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 &#8220;\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u0628 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u062f \u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0650\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0632\u062a \u0628\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a 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\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0631 Corn to Egypt&#8221;<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a34\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(34)<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0623\u062a\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0621\u064b\u060c \u0645\u064f\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062f\u0648\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 &#8220;\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636&#8221;<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a35\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(35)<\/a>\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 2.46 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 26 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 3.22 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 5.88 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 956% \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0632\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 82% \u0641\u0642\u0637<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a36\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(36)<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0639\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 10.3 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 100 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a37\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(37)<\/a>\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 75% \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 285% \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u061b \u0644\u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 0.1 \u0641\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 -\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637- \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f -\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0648\u0626\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u0641\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627<\/em>: \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0639\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0636 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0646\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a 5772 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0647 -\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u064b\u0627- \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 6595 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a38\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(38)<\/a>\u060c \u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 11% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 23.3%\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a39\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(39)<\/a>\u061b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a40\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(40)<\/a>&nbsp;\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a 0.47%<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a41\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(41)<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u061b \u0644\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u064f\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u061b \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0645\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 3 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 978 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u062b\u060c \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 1996-2005\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 33.6 \u0625\u0644\u0649 41.8% \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629&#8221; \u0645\u0646 1.25 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2.12 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629&#8221; \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0646 205 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 816 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a42\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(42)<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0636\u0639\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0635\u0631 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\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 &#8220;\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1.8 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0632\u0631\u0639 1.4 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0645\u062d \u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 35 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646&#8221;<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a44\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(44)<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643\u0648 \u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0624 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u062a\u064f\u062e\u0636\u0650\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a45\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(45)<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0647\u0627<\/em>: \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u061b \u0643\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 &#8220;\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636&#8221; \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0633\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u061b \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0628\u0636\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u063a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u0644\u062f \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u062f\u0629<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a46\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(46)<\/a>\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0639\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a47\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(47)<\/a>\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u061b \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0625\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 2000-2017<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a48\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(48)<\/a>\u060c \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0648 43.54% (\u0648\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 6.38% \u064863.4% \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2000 \u06482001 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a 34.47%\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a 60.34%\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 9.7%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 -\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629- \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644\u061b \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u062d \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 1990-2013<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a49\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(49)<\/a>\u060c \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u062d \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 17.8% \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 11.05% \u0643\u062d\u062f\u064d\u0651 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u064835.89% \u0643\u062d\u062f\u064d\u0651 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u062d 18.8% \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 10.38% \u0643\u062d\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u064849.15% \u0643\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2013 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 1.23 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 18.39 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 24.52 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 2.56 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 6.24 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2013 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627<\/em>: \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0643\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0646 &#8220;\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u062f \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a&#8221; \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 16.6% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1970\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 4.2% \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1980\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0637\u061b \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a50\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(50)<\/a>. \u0644\u0627 \u0639\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0646 1.7 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 984 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1970\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649&nbsp; 7.4 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 1.9 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1980<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a51\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(51)<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u062c\u0644\u062a&nbsp; \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 1997-2012 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0646\u0641\u0630\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0646 7.2 \u0625\u0644\u0649 5.24 \u0625\u0644\u0649 3.32% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u061b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u062d\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 16.82 \u0625\u0644\u0649 14.83 \u0625\u0644\u0649 13.99% \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 77.5% \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648104.2% \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a52\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(52)<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 2000-2018\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 73.4% \u0645\u0646 12.89 \u0625\u0644\u0649 3.43% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0650\u0651\u0646\u064a\u0652\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 76.6% \u0645\u0646 9.21 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2.15% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 69.3% \u0645\u0646 16.48 \u0625\u0644\u0649 5.06% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a (5) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0634\u0643\u0644 (5): \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 2000-2018<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a53\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(53)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/sites\/default\/files\/inline-images\/%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%84%206.PNG\" alt=\"6\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0647\u0627<\/em>: \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a 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\u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0641 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629&#8221;<a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5360#a54\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(54)<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u064f\u0648\u062d\u0638 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 1996-2000\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0623\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 74 \u0625\u0644\u0649 81% \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 2010-2015\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0639\u0628\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u062c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0647\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u062d\u0627\u0644&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0641\u0623 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u0628\u0630\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/profile\/1047\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/profile\/1047\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0645\u062c\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/a><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a.<\/strong>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1 \u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (465)\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631\/\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 2018)\u060c \u0635 10.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;2FAO Food Price Index:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fao.org\/worldfoodsituation\/foodpricesindex\/en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.fao.org\/worldfoodsituation\/foodpricesindex\/en<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;3 \u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0635 11.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;4 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \ufee3\ufecc\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \ufe8d\ufef7\ufeaf\ufee3\ufe94 \ufe8d\ufedf\ufed0\ufeac\ufe8d\ufe8b\ufef4\ufe94 \ufe8d\ufedf\ufecc\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629..&nbsp;&nbsp;\ufea9\ufeed\ufead \ufe8d\ufedf\ufeb4\ufef4\ufe8e\ufeb3\ufe8e\ufe95 \ufe8d\ufef7\ufeb3\ufe8e\ufeb3\ufef4\ufe94 \ufedf\ufee0\ufe98\ufea0\ufe8e\ufead\ufe93 \ufeed\ufe8d\ufefb\ufeb3\ufe98\ufe9c\ufee4\ufe8e\ufead \ufeed\ufe8d\ufedf\ufeb4\ufee0\ufeca \u0641\u064a \ufebf\ufee4\ufe8e\ufee5 \ufe8d\ufef7\ufee3\ufee6 \ufe8d\ufedf\ufed0\ufeac\ufe8d\ufe8b\ufef2 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645 \ufeed\ufe8d\ufedf\ufe98\ufea8\ufed4\ufef4\ufed2 \ufee3\ufee6 \ufeed\ufec3\ufe84\ufe93 \ufe8d\ufedf\ufed4\ufed8\ufeae\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0662\u0660\u0660\u0668)\u060c \u0635 6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;5 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 32 (1506)\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631\/\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 2021:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/2u.pw\/hLBFZ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/2u.pw\/hLBFZ<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;6Rob Vos et al., &#8220;The Ukraine Conflict and Global Food Price Scares&#8221;, Food Security Portal, March 1, 2022 (Viewed in 10\/4\/2022):&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/2u.pw\/bLk5v\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/2u.pw\/bLk5v<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;7 Joseph Glauber and David Laborde, &#8220;How will Russia\u2019s invasion of Ukraine affect global food security?&#8221;, Food Security Portal, February 25, 2022, (Viewed in 10\/4\/2022):&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/2u.pw\/v9sey\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/2u.pw\/v9sey<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;8Joseph Glauber and David Laborde, &#8220;How will Russia\u2019s invasion of Ukraine affect global food security?&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;9Brendan Rice et al., &#8220;The Russia-Ukraine war is exacerbating international food price volatility&#8221;, Food Security Portal, April 2, 2022 (Viewed in 10\/4\/2022):&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/2u.pw\/L422E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/2u.pw\/L422E<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;10 S. Gustafson, &#8220;FAO Food Price Index Hits All-Time High&#8221;, Food Security Portal, April 9, 2022 (Viewed in 10\/4\/2022):&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/2u.pw\/WUfCy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/2u.pw\/WUfCy<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;11 Joseph Glauber, &#8220;From bad to worse: How Russia-Ukraine war-related export restrictions exacerbate global food insecurity&#8221;, Food Security Portal, April 14, 2022&nbsp;&nbsp;(Viewed in 10\/4\/2022):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;12Joseph Glauber, &#8220;From bad to worse: How Russia-Ukraine war-related export restrictions exacerbate global food insecurity&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;13 &nbsp;&#8220;\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u0629 \u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0634\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.. \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0632: \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0646\u0642\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627.. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a: \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629..\u0648\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a&#8221;\u060c \u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c 21 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\/\u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631 2022\u060c (\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644: 10 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644\/\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 2022):&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/2u.pw\/0IAGp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/2u.pw\/0IAGp<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;14 \u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0635 39.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;15 &nbsp;\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0635 38.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;16 &nbsp;\u0622\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0636\u0628.. \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u060c (\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c 2020)\u060c \u0635 138.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;17 \u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0635 33-34.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;18 &nbsp;\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0635 33-34.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;19 World Bank; FAO; IFAD, Improving Food Security in Arab Countries (Arabic), )World Bank, Washington, DC., 2009(, p 11-12.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;20 &nbsp;World Bank; FAO; IFAD, Improving Food Security in Arab Countries, p 12.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;21 &nbsp;\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0635 51.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;22 &#8220;\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631: \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 90% \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 20 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c 16 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631\/\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 2021\u060c (\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644: 12 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644\/\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 2022):&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/2u.pw\/J7Vhy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/2u.pw\/J7Vhy<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;23 Joseph Glauber and David Laborde, &#8220;How will Russia\u2019s invasion of Ukraine affect global food security?&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;24 &nbsp;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a 2020\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0635 24.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;25 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a 2020\u060c \u0635 27.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;26 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a 2020\u060c \u0635 25.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;27 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0632\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c &#8220;\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631\/\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 2019)\u060c \u0635 1521.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;28 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c &#8220;\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 2030&#8243;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631\/\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 2021)\u060c \u0635 1287.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;29 The Economist Impact, Global Food Security Index, Egypt:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/impact.economist.com\/sustainability\/project\/food-security-index\/Country\/Details#Egypt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/impact.economist.com\/sustainability\/project\/food-security-index\u2026<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;30 Global Hunger Index, Egypt:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalhungerindex.org\/egypt.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.globalhungerindex.org\/egypt.html<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;31 FAO, Near East and North Africa.. Regional Overview of Food Security and Nutrition 2021.. Statistics and trends, Cairo, 2021, p 30, 32.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;32 Hazem El Beblawi, Economic Growth in Egypt: Impediments and Constraints (1974-2004), Commission on Growth and Development Working Paper, no. 14, (World Bank, Washington, DC., 2008), p 6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;33 &nbsp;\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062f\u0648\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u060c )\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c 1978\u060c \u0635 293-296.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;34 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0631.. \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c )\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c 1994\u0645(\u060c \u0635 51.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;35 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062f\u0648\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u060c 223\u060c 411.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;36 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062c\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 1961-2010.. \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u060c )\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c 2017)\u060c \u0635 \u0663\u0669.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;37 &nbsp;&#8220;\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621\u00bb: \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0640 10.3 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 0.8%&#8221;\u060c \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u0621 23 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631\/\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 2020\u060c (\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644: 18 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644\/\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 2022):&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/2u.pw\/zriwm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/2u.pw\/zriwm<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;38 &nbsp;\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f 2021\u060c \u0635 320.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;39 &nbsp;\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f 2021\u060c \u0635 298\u060c 314.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;40 &nbsp;\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0642\u0633\u0645\u0629 &#8220;\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a&#8221; \u0639\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;41 &nbsp;\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f 2021\u060c \u0635 320.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;42 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 2030\u060c (\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631\/\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 2009)\u060c \u0635 6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;43 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631\/\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 (\u0628) 2018)\u060c \u0635 2047.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;44 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629.. \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 (1974-1982)\u060c (\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c 1986)\u060c \u0635 390.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;45 &nbsp;\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0635 390.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;46 &nbsp;\u0633\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c &#8220;\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631.. \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c (\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 13\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 4\u060c \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631\/\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 1989)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 149-203.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;47 &#8220;\u0645\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c 22 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631\/\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 2018\u060c (\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644: 19 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644\/\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 2022):&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/2u.pw\/V2iej\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/2u.pw\/V2iej<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;48 &nbsp;\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0632\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\/\u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631 2016)\u060c \u0635 114\u060c 115.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;50 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0635 388.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;51 &nbsp;\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0635 385.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;52 &nbsp;\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u060c &#8220;\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\/\u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631 2015)\u060c \u0635 145.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;53 \u0645\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0631\u062c\u0633 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u060c &#8220;\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a 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